Rozbalit celou nabídku

6./II. Culturally Historical Wandering around Slaný - Slaný in Fortifications

At the turn of the 13th and the 14th century, the town´s historical centre was surrounded by stone fortifications. A double belt of fortifications was completed by citadels and water moats, and interrupted on the main roads by gates named Pražská, Lounská, and Velvarská. On the south-west side, there was a smaller gate named Fortna, originally only for the pedestrians, and the town thus gained a shape of a strictured pentagon. With the ever improving military technologies, the fortifications gradually lost their defensive function. They were not maintained anymore, they deteriorated, and in the end, they were demolished to a large extent in the years 1835-41. Their remains are well visible particularly in the "U Brodu" part.

Lounská Gate – the place where the gate used to be situated is documented by house No. 101. In 1425, the gate was demolished, and it was rebuilt in 1460-72. The historical look is recalled by Josef Šembera´s tacked painting from 1822. In 1835, the gate was demolished.

Town Savings Bank – Thriftiness Sculpture. In 1838, a house was built here as a seat of the royal Austrian-Hungarian gendarmerie (1854), and from 1859 on, there was the 1st Slaný printing office in the back wing of the house, owned by F. Jeřábek. In 1872-86, it was a seat of the telegraph office. In 1920, the town sold the house to the Town Savings Bank (established in 1896), which had its seat here until March 1930, when the entire object was demolished. The new building of the town´s savings bank was built according to a project of architect Alois Mezera, Slaný native, and opened festively on the 15th November 1931. The Thriftiness Sculpture was made from Bohdaneč sandstone in the studio of academic sculptor Václav Nejtek, as well as the bronze double embossment above the main entrance, and the Carrara marble embossment in the vestibule.

Corner House No. 103 was rebuilt in 1873 by its owner, Josef Stumpf. The facade, only preserved in the upper part of the house, is from 1911.

The Kynský Street – the street of Dominik Kynský, the first Piarist in Slaný, formerly named the Poštovní Street.

House No. 549 was built in the period between 1873-75 by Leopold Svoboda in a former vacant land plot leading to the royal Austrian-Hungarian Postal and Telegraph Office, which had a seat in the Palackého Street at the end of the 19th century.

House No. 128 called "V Templu". The name of this house (a former pub) was derived from the chapel that used to be behind it. The pub became known due to a fact that in 1855, the Slaný theatre company began to operate in its spacious hall, together with the Sokol association in Slaný. There also was the first Jewish chapel in the house called "V Templu".

House No. 115 is decorated by a memorial plaque stating that this house was the birth place of Dominik František Kynský (1777-1848) – a Piaristic priest. The memorial plaque was embedded to the house on the 28th September 1877.

House No. 114 – during the reconstruction of the former district office, an archaeological survey was conducted here, discovering two walled buildings embedded in the earth, the remains after iron processing, and over 4000 ceramic fragments dating back to approx. half of the 14th century.

House No. 148 was the birth place of JUDr. Josef František Frič (1804-1876) – Czech lawyer and politician. The memorial plaque was embedded to the house on the 26th May 1907, and the street where the house used to stand was renamed to Fričova. In the garden, a Black citadel was preserved from the town´s original fortification.

Jewish Synagogue, house No. 149 was built in 1865, together with the German Jewish school. The synagogue is not open to public.

Pražská Gate used to enclose the eastern part of the fortified town. The stone gate was built here in place of the original gate in 1402. It was demolished in September 1841, because it allegedly obstructed continuous traffic. Only several elements of the original sculptural decorations were preserved, being exhibited today on the first floor of the Slaný Geographical Museum. The gate´s illustrations were preserved in several paintings (the most famous of which is the oil painting of Karel Würbs from 1855). The gate marks are also visible under the fortifications in the "U Brodu" area.

House No. 15 was built in 1822 in place of the former charnel house and the first school in Slaný. In 1820-22, the houses were demolished, and also the cemetery adjacent to the St. Gothard Church was abandoned. A new house was built here, where the 1st kindergarden in Slaný was placed.

St. Gothard Church – according to the legends, a temple sanctified to St. Gothard used to be located in place of the present church in Slaný already in 1137. It was built by a nobleman named Mladota. In the report dated 1137, the church is called a basilica. From that time, also the fragments of walls were preserved on its northern side, including the loophole window next to the tower. The church, as well as the provostry, was not a part of the walled town originally, and both the buildings were situated outside the fortifications. Only after the town spread out, and it was fortified anew and more effectively, the church was included inside the fortification; it actually became a part of it. In the second half of the 13th century, the church was rebuilt into an Early-Gothic three-isle temple with an advanced chancel. The remains of the Early-Gothic walls were preserved in the lower parts of the enclosure walls, including most of the window gaps and pillars in the main altar isle. The church was rebuilt several times. It was extensively renewed in the years 1874 and 1890 by the architect Rudolf Štech. The church tower is 43 metres high. There were four bells in the church tower: Gothard was the greatest (1494), Vojtěch the middle (1508), and Dominik the smallest (1512 – requisited during World War I); the passing bell Erasmus (1521) was the fourth.

House No. 14 the so called Modletický, is a house with a corner oriel window and preserved Renaissance stone portal. The apex stone of its semi-circle arch is formed by a label with a datation 1578, and with the SW initials on the vertical double-head arrow. There is a statue of St. John of Nepomuk with two angels on a prismatic beam (epistyle) above the arch. The statue is of a latter date, and it was restored in 1996. The eastern part of the house is decorated by preserved stone portal of the former entrance, and an elliptical alcove with a statue above.

In house No. 33, the innkeeper named F.R.Svoboda opened a permanent gallery "Aleš", which offered more than 300 originals of Czech authors only, for viewing, and also for sale. In the 1930s, there used to be a renowned café here with a brothel.

House No. 34 is called Maňasovský, and has preserved stone sculptures from the 15th-16th centuries in the wall alcoves. There is a stone symbol of horse above the entrance to the house.

In house No. 35, Josef Lacina used to live in the years 1880-95, the professor at the Slaný grammar school, and the first historiographer of our town, the historian and the writer who published his works under the pen-name Kolda Malinský.

Komenského náměstí Square, formerly called "Kozí ryneček" or "Kozí plácek" with the building of the 2nd elementary school. There used to be a suzerain brewery in place of the present school, built by Jaroslav Bořita, count of Martinice. The brewery was in operation until 1884, with some interruptions. The entire complex was subsequently bought by the town of Slaný, which had a boy school built here, opened in 1895.

Fortna. The short Fortenská Street got its name after the fourth town gate, the so called "fortna". It resembled the Velvarská gate. In 1564, the town had it rebuilt, and added a water-tower next to it, which has been preserved until today. "Fortna" was demolished in 1850. According to a tradition, it was the only gate which the master executioner from Slaný could use to enter the town from his house nearby.

House No. 53 in the Soukenická Street is decorated by an eagle sign in an elliptical cartouche above the entrance.

House No. 68 with a memorial plaque of Karel Alois Vinařický, a Czech priest, a national awakener (1803-1869), which was dedicated on the 24th July 1870.

Memorial plaques of J. Šípek and R. Černý by the entrance to the market place from the Soukenická street read that there used to be a house No. 55 in this place, which was the birth place of Josef Šípek (1906-1960), who was imprisoned and tortured to death by the communists. The second name on the plaque commemorates René Černý (1914-1950), a major of the Czechoslovak Army, and a member of the Czechoslovak troops in England, who was imprisoned by the communists and executed in Prague.

Husova Street also used to be called Široká or Lounská. Mosaic pavements with granite curbs and the re-pavement of the roadway in the street were carried out in 1903.

House No. 96 partly extends also to the Soukenická Street. The memorial plaque reads that the Czech poet and dramatist Jaroslav Vrchlický (1853-1912) used to live here, and that this house was a birth place of his brother, Bedřich Frída (1855-1918), a translator, a pedagogue, and a writer.

House No. 94 – Jan Šultys (Šoltys) was born here around 1560, later a teacher in slaný and in Kutná Hora, where he advanced up to the position of the town´s mayor. He was ennobled, and then he used to write his name as Jan Šultys of Felsdorf. He was one of the royal professional commissioners, and as such, he ended his life during the Old Town´s Execution on the 21st June 1621, by Executioner Mydlář´s sword. After the house was bought by the Fähnrich family, it served the purposes of a pub named "U tří bažantů". It was rebuilt to the present appearance in 1882.

House No. 93 belonged to F. Duras, a photographer and a museum keeper in Slaný, who ran his "photographic business" here at the turn of the 19th and the 20th century.

House No. 107 „U lodi“ was a significant cultural centre of the town from the 18th century on. It was here, where probably the "first amateur theatrical performance in the Czech language" took place in 1820. The couching inn was used by the theatre amateurs later on as well. At the end of the 19th century, the inn became extinct, and the original one-storey house was rebuilt to the present appearance in 1913.

House No. 90 was the birth place of the Slaný chronicler, later also the Slaný primate and Martinice district officer of the Slaný dominion, Daniel Vepřek (1600-1657).

House No. 89 was one of the first cultural facilities in Slaný. In 1871, the bookstore of the book printer and the publisher František Neubert from Slaný was open here. In the beginning of the 1880s, Václav Klement learned to be a book-seller here, a Velvary native, later a great personality in the Czech automotive industry.

nahoru ↑ tisk
© MěÚ Slaný 2007, RSS, Prohlášení o přístupnosti, Kontakty, Napište nám, Webmaster: Tomáš Salaba
Městský úřad Slaný, Velvarská 136, 274 01 Slaný, ústředna: 312 511 111, fax: 312 522 771
Stránky vytvořil: Jaroslav Cvrček - Acheta.com, hosting: ČESKÝ WEBHOSTING s.r.o.